What is Sensory Processing Disorder?

Per sensoryhealth.org, sensory processing is the neurology of how we feel. The sensory messages we receive from our bodies and the world around us are responded to in everything that we do.

Sensory Processing Disorder is a condition where the brain has difficulty receiving and responding to information that comes through our senses. People with SPD may have heightened sensitivity to sensory stimuli, such as sounds, smells, lights, textures, or they may seek out sensory input to a greater extent than others. They may also have difficulty integrating and organizing sensory input, leading to challenges in regulating their emotions, behavior, and motor skills. SPD can come in various forms and can co-occur with other conditions such as ASD, ADHD, anxiety, etc.

People of all genders, races, ethnicities, and economic backgrounds can be diagnosed with SPD.

The Eight Sensory Systems:

• Visual
• Auditory
• Tactile
• Olfactory
• Gustatory
• Vestibular
• Proprioception
• Interoception

For more information, please visit the following:

• Understanding Sensory Integration Process

Common Signs/Symptoms of SPD:

• Lights seem too bright
• Sounds seem too loud
• Appears to have balance/gait issues
• Unable to sit still
• Difficulty picking up social cues/not always recognizing personal space
• Constant motion and/or fatigue
• Unable/refuses to eat certain foods based on textures
• Being uncomfortable with certain movements (sliding/going down ramps/stairs/etc.)
• Meltdowns when overloaded
• Eloping

For more information, please visit the following:

• Columbia Doctors: Sensory Processing Disorder

Teaching Strategies for SPD:

SPD can make school difficult for some individuals. It can be overwhelming, or they may have trouble paying attention because they may be uncomfortable.

• Keep a calm, even tone of voice.
• Dim the lights.
• Play calming music at a low volume.
• Some children feel more comfortable sitting near the teacher.
• Try a seated cushion for those who may tend to move around a bit (squirm).
• Allow fidgets.
• Allow time for a break for physical activity (even if it's just a 3-minute brain break).
• Remain inclusive at all times.
• Promote a welcoming, calm, happy, fun environment.
• Use positive reinforcement.
• Allow time to work in pairs with positive peers.
• Announce daily activities first thing to help with the transition process from play to learning.
• Use descriptive praise to build desired behaviors. For example, “I really liked how you threw that trash away! That was an excellent job putting your trash in the trash can!”
• Minimize usage of “No”, “Stop”, “Don’t”. Try using positive directions instead.

Calming Activities, Meltdowns, Sensory Integration Techniques:

Please refer to the “What Is ASD” section for the difference between a “meltdown” and a“tantrum”.

When an individual with SPD reaches an overwhelming amount or “sensory overload”, they may experience a range of reactions depending on the severity of their case. These reactions may include feeling overwhelmed, anxious, irritable, eloping, disrobing, or even resulting in a meltdown. It is often hard for individuals to calm down. Remember to remain patient and even-toned. It's important to work through these moments and show your support. When the individual has calmed, remind them that they are in a safe environment.

If you have any further questions, or require more assistance, please reach out to us.